[文法Q&A] if 與 whether 的用法區別
兩者在表示“是否”時的用法區別如下:
1. 互換的場合
引導從句表示“是否”時, 兩者常可互換。如:
-He asked if/whether we wanted a drink (or not). 他問我們是否想喝一杯。
-He didn’t tell me if/whether he would come (or not). 他沒有告訴我他是否會來。
注1:or not 通常是多餘的以上兩句,皆可省略。然而,當 ”whether or not” 意義是 “regardless of other (不管其他/如何,” “or not” 不可省略。如: The parade will go ahead WHETHER it rains OR NOT (...regardless of whether it rains). 遊行將繼續前進,不管會不會下雨。
注2:or not 可以放在 “whether” 後或子句後。然而,“or not” 不能直接放置 ”if” 後。如:1. I will write to you whether or not I can come. 我能不能來,我將寫信告訴你。 2. I don’t know whether/if he will win or not. 我不知他是否能贏。
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2. 通常用 if 的場合
當引導一個否定的從句時,通常用 if 而不用 whether。如:I don’t care if it doesn’t rain. 我不在乎天是否下雨。 注:在個別詞語 (如 wonder, not sure 等)後的從句否定式有時也可能用 whether 來引導。如:I wonder if/whether he has mistaken me for someone else. 我在想他是否誤認了我。
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3. 通常用 whether 的場合
(1) 引導主語從句且放在句首時。如:Whether he will come is still a question. 他是否會來還是個疑問。注:若在句首使用虛主語 it,而將主語從句放在句末,則有時也可用 if 來引導。如:It was not known whether/if he would come. 不知他是否會來。
(2) 引導表語從句時。如:The question is whether we should go on with the work. 問題是我們是否應該繼續進行這項工作。注:引導表語從句偶爾也用 if (不正式),但遠不如用 whether 常見。
(3) 引導從句且放在句首時。如:Whether he is single I don’t know. 他是否單身,我不知道。
(4) 引導讓步狀語從句時。如:Whether he agrees or not, I will still do it my way. 不管他同意與否,我都要用我的方式做 = How Eric's wife makes her decisions。
(5) 與 or 連用分別引導兩個從句時。如:I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong. 我不知道是他錯了,還是她錯了。 注:or 若不是引導兩個從句,而是連接兩個詞或短語,則也可用 if (但不如用 whether 常見)。如:He didn’t know if/whether we should write or phone. 他不知道我們是寫信好還是打電話好。
(6) 用於不定式之前時。如:1. I’m not sure whether to stay or leave. 我不知是留還是去。2. I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry. 我真是哭笑不得。
(7) 用於介詞之後時。如:It depends on whether the letter arrives in time. 這取決於信是否來得及時。I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 我擔心是否傷了她的感情。
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[觀念確認]
1. whether 意為“是否”等於if,帶領從屬子句做為主要子句的主詞、受詞或補語,絕對不可省略,表示不肯定的事(讓步語氣);if帶領的從屬子句不能做為主要子句的主詞。
2.正式規則是,當你要有帶領條件,使用”if”,要帶兩個可能,使用”whether” 。
3.or not通常可省略,可以放在“whether”後或子句後,不能直接放置”if”後。
Sources:
http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/200902/1128.html
http://www.grammar-monster.com/easily_confused/if_and_whether.htm
http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com/1234567890abcdef-mysonisrhodesonc/article?mid=1767
http://siro.moe.edu.tw/fip/index.php?n=5&m=0&cmd=content&p=504&o=2
http://www.quickanddirtytips.com/education/grammar/if-versus-whether?page=all
"Whether or not" vs "if" on the GMAT:
1. http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-05-30/gmat-tip-if-and-whether
2. http://magoosh.com/gmat/2012/gmat-sentence-correction-if-vs-whether/
同時也有2部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過16萬的網紅林子安 AnViolin,也在其Youtube影片中提到,■ 更多林子安: INSTAGRAM:https://www.instagram.com/an__official/ FACEBOOK:https://www.facebook.com/Tzan0825/ WEIBO:http://weibo.com/u/6511795600 各式工作演出邀約請私訊...
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whether句首 在 Alexander Wang 王梓沅英文 Facebook 的最佳貼文
有關於, 涉及: in regard to? in regards to?
英文裡有非常多的片語可以用來表達 "有關於"
其中要特別強調的是 in regards to 是特別常見的錯誤英文
regard 不應該加 s
以下列出幾個常用用法 讓大家參考
(1) pertain to
例) His remark did not seem to pertain to the issue.
例) We are only interested in proposals that pertain to glocal issues.
(glocal = global + local, 譯為全球在地化的)
Note: pertain to 中間可以夾副詞, 像是 pertain particularly to...
(2) With respect to
例) Some innovative financing models are emerging, however, particularly with respect to smartening up buildings.
例) In addition to concerns with respect to the issue of government interference in the work of the ECCC, there have also been concerns raised with respect to other aspects of the Court's work.
(3) In regard to, With regard to
例) We will consult closely in regard to actions in exchange markets and will cooperate as appropriate.
例) With regard to insurance, we will cover for 110% of the invoice value.
(4) With reference to
例) The research will focus on sustainable human development and resource use, with particular reference to areas such as poverty reduction and the Millennium Development Goals, renewable energy, disaster preparedness.
--> 超典型用法 "with ADJ. reference to..."
例) I have nothing to say with reference to this question.
(5) Concerning, Regarding
例) I had nothing to say regarding this matter.
例) For more information concerning the club, contact Mrs. Cook.
(6) As to, As for
Note: as to 後面很常直接接 as to whether or not....
例) The villagers do not agree as to whether the ghosts exist, but it seems unlikely that the village should get its reputation for no reason at all.
例) As for the 25 million dollar bounty, I don't have any trouble with that.
(常放句首)
最後幾個常放句中的 be related to, be associated with, in relation to, in association with 大家也要會用喔
whether句首 在 林子安 AnViolin Youtube 的最佳解答
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Lady Gaga, Bradley Cooper《Shallow》小提琴版本
| Violin cover by Lin Tzu An of Shallow by Lady Gaga and Bradley Cooper
這次的cover第一句我錄了一個小時,一直在整理情緒,進入電影裡面的情節,
對於電影中的真實情感,無論是喜悅、感傷還是愛戀,都用音樂來傳遞。
開頭帶著有點沙啞的男聲,用音高的差別來象徵著男女對唱。
Shallow是一首非常安靜的歌曲,這次用小提琴弦樂表現,
對於夢想的追求,以及迷茫後再次尋回,希望這樣的表現是動人貼近人心的。
歡迎大家在沒有下雨的週末到信義區香堤大道,聽這些cover歌曲的live版!詳細演出相關資訊,我都會更新在我的Instagram 限時動態!
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Here comes my weekly updated cover.
I spent an hour recording the first sentence of my Shallow cover.
It took me lots of time to compose myself and to absorb into the emotions in the movie.
For the true emotions in the movie, whether it is joy, sentimental or love, it is told by music.
With the hoarse male voice in the first part, I tried to symbolize the Bradley Cooper and Lady Gaga’s singing through the different low and high pitches.
Shallow is a very quiet song, and I hope you all like my violin cover.
It’s about pursuit of your dreams, and finding it again after being confused.
Hope my violin is touching everyone’s hearts.
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小提琴 Violin: 林子安 Lin Tzu An
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whether句首 在 Uncle Siu Youtube 的最佳解答
面對最愛的人或東西,我們既愛得要命,也怕得要死。擁有的時候固然快樂,但同時害怕終有一天會失去所愛。
http://siuhoiyat.com
這說法,已經是老生常談了。今天我們一起看看老莎這個大文豪怎樣演繹這句話。這首 sonnet,可算是他百多首中最容易讀的。
原文:
Some glory in their birth, some in their skill,
Some in their wealth, some in their body's force;
Some in their garments, though new-fangled ill;
Some in their hawks and hounds, some in their horse:
And every humour hath his adjunct pleasure,
Wherein it finds a joy above the rest;
But these particulars are not my measure,
All these I better in one general best.
Thy love is better than high birth to me,
Richer than wealth, prouder than garments' cost,
Of more delight than hawks and horses be;
And, having thee, of all men's pride I boast.
Wretched in this alone, that thou mayst take
All this away, and me most wretched make.
我試譯為現代英文:
Some take pride in their birth, some in their abilities, some in their wealth, some in their physical strength, some in their clothes (whether pretty or not), and some in their pets.
We all have an object from which we derive the most pleasure. So what's mine? It's your love. You are my dearest and proudest possession.
But, having you, I'm doomed at the same time, because you can easily take away everything that matters to me, and make me the most wretched person on earth.
粗疏的中譯:
有人喜歡誇耀自己的地位、能力、或財富,有人則以自己的體格、衣冠、或寵物為榮。世上每個人都有自己特別鍾愛的事物,無可代替。
但對以上的東西,我都不感興趣。我唯一珍惜的,是你的愛。我可在天下人之前炫耀:我,擁有你。
可是,擁有你,同時也是我的不幸;因為,你可以隨時拿走我的所有,徹底的把我毀掉。
蕭愷一
http://siuhoiyat.com
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whether句首 在 而且也可以whether 引導主語、同位語的子句 - Facebook 的推薦與評價
(O) 2) whether 可用於句首,所引導的子句當主詞,但if 不行;If 放句首會被認為是作條件或假設。 -Whether the government will enforce the policy is something ... ... <看更多>
whether句首 在 [文法] whether子句放句首的時態- 看板Eng-Class - 批踢踢實業坊 的推薦與評價
爬過之前相關的討論 都是if 和 whether的問題 (間接問句)
想請問一下類似下面的題目
Whether _____ doesn't matter.
(A) he is coming
(B) he comes
(C) he came
請問該如何判斷名詞子句的 "時態" ??
感謝...
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