【面世二十週年，USB發明者卻沒因此進帳分毫的獲利
The guy who invented USB didn’t make a dime off of it — but here's why he’s OK with that】
Nov. 15th (by Eugene Kim, Business Insider)—Universal Serial Bus, or USB — which turns 20 years old on Sunday — is now used in more than 10 billion devices worldwide.
通用序列埠，或簡稱為USB的這項產品─在這個星期天就滿問世二十週年了─它目前已經被運用於全世界超過一百億種商品之中。
But the man who invented the technology hasn’t made a single dime off of it — and he’s OK with it.
但是發明了USB這項便利裝置的原創作者從來不曾於這項商品中賺得任何一分錢，而他對此並不以為意。
“I don’t do these things for money,” Ajay Bhatt, Intel’s chief systems technologist, who’s largely responsible for inventing USB technology, told Business Insider. “I did this to bring about change, and it’s not very often that somebody gets a chance to bring about this big a change.”
「我做這些事情的目的可不是為了要賺錢」，英特爾公司(Intel)的首席系統技術員Ajay Bhatt這麼說道。作為發明USB科技主要推手的Bhatt先生繼續告訴本刊記者，「我這樣做是要帶來改變，況且要有人能擁有這般機會帶來如此巨大的改變，可是相當少見的」。
In fact, the USB technology didn’t make money for anyone. It’s because Intel, who owns all patents to the technology as the first backer of Bhatt’s USB idea, decided to make it open and royalty free from the beginning.
事實上，發明USB這項科技並沒有為誰帶來任何財富。原因無它，因為掌握USB全部技術專利，同時也是第一位支持Bhatt先生研發此項技術的英特爾公司，打從一開始就決定將這項技術開放，也免收任何的專利權及版稅。
And Intel had every right to do so, Bhatt believes.
Bhatt先生認為，英特爾公司原本是有權為其投資的技術來收取權利金的。
USB is now considered the de facto standard for connecting different devices, but it was met with a lukewarm response when Bhatt first pitched the idea to tech companies, including Apple and Microsoft, in the early ‘90s.
USB現在已被認為是連接不同裝置的實際標準設備，但是它當初在上個世紀90年代初期，Bhatt先生剛提出研發想法給包含像是蘋果及微軟等科技公司時，還是受到了冷淡的對待。
One connector to rule them all
一個接頭一切萬用
It was a smart idea, basically creating a single connector that bypassed the need for a separate floppy disk or driver to install each application. But companies had an inherent fear of breaking the existing compatibility functions, Bhatt said, and only Intel — the company he was working for at the time — was bold enough to make the investment in his idea.
基本上只需要一個單一連接插頭，就可以跳過額外一台軟碟機或驅動程式的需求來安裝每一項應用程式，這真是個聰明的好主意。但是就Bhatt先生的說法，在過去，有很多公司都存在一種固有的恐懼，害怕會破壞了既存的相容性與功能；只有他當時所任職的英特爾公司，有足夠的膽識來挹注他的USB設計與想法。
“As an engineer, I’ve been handsomely rewarded by the company,” Bhatt added. “And I couldn’t do this kind of work anywhere else. I have nothing to complain.”
「身為一位工程師，我已經獲得公司給予的優渥報酬了，」Bhatt先生表示，「而且我也沒辦法在其他地方做像現在這樣的工作。對此我沒什麼可以抱怨的」。
Although Intel first backed the idea and began to build support for it into its chips, it was Apple that first shipped a USB-compatible product for end users — the iMac G3 in August 1998. Soon, Microsoft followed suit when it provided USB support for Windows 98’s second edition, and the rest is history.
儘管英特爾是第一個支持開發USB的想法且開始支援USB的晶片架構，蘋果公司卻是首家配載USB相容的產品給一般用戶使用，也就是1998年的iMac G3這款產品，接著，微軟公司也跟上風潮，在自家的Windows 98第二版裡面提供了對於USB裝置的支援性，而其他先前的裝置與規格就此走入歷史。
Bhatt may have missed out on a chance to make hundreds of millions of dollars on this, but he believes his contribution to the overall computer industry is what makes up for it. The basic premise was to make the PC easier for regular users, and expand the overall PC market, and the USB certainly helped the cause.
Bhatt先生也許因為不收發明費一事而錯失了賺取數億美元的機會，不過呢，他相信他對於整體電腦產業的貢獻，就已經彌足珍貴了。原本發明USB的前提就是要讓個人電腦更貼近於一般用戶的需求，並能擴大整體的個人電腦市場與需求。在這方面USB確實達成了推波助瀾的使命。
“If computers are seen to be easy, then we’ll sell more computers, and as part of that, we’ll sell more chips. It’s a much bigger picture that Intel saw,” Bhatt said. “As the pie gets bigger, we get a piece of the pie, and we’re happy with it.”
「要是電腦能讓人看起來更容易使用，那麼我們就有辦法賣出更多的電腦產品，那在這樣的基礎上，我們也就能賣出更多(電腦中央處理器)的晶片了。這就是英特爾公司所看見的更遠大的前景」，Bhatt先生這麼解釋，「當市場這塊餅變得更大，我們得到這塊餅的其中一部份，也就會感到更加的心滿意足」。
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